Or browse Quick Answers by Topic. Walden University Quick Answers. Warning: Your browser has javascript disabled. Without javascript some functions will not work, including question submission via the form. When should I use italics in APA? Toggle menu visibility. Answered By: Rachel Willard. Last Updated: May 12, Views: In academic writing, use italics to indicate specific items within your text. APA recommends using italics for the following: Item within your text Example sentence Titles of books, journals, movies, and more The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association is a helpful tool for students to use in their scholarly writing.
Introducing a new term A group of words working together that contains a subject and a verb is called a clause. Measurements on a scale Participants could choose between agree and disagree on the survey. Formatting a Reference List Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. Basic Rules for Most Sources All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation. All authors' names should be inverted i.
Authors' first and middle names should be written as initials. For example, the reference entry for a source written by Jane Marie Smith would begin with "Smith, J. Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent. When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
Note again that the titles of academic journals are subject to special rules. See section below. Italicize titles of longer works e. Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as chapters in books or essays in edited collections.
Italicize journal titles. Instead, rewrite your sentence to provide emphasis. For example, place important words or phrases at the beginning or end of a sentence instead of in the middle, or break long sentences into several shorter sentences.
However, do use italics if emphasis might otherwise be lost or the material might be misread, as in the following example. When words that would normally be italicized appear within text that is already italicized, those words should be set in standard nonitalic type, referred to as reverse italicization. For example, if an italic symbol appears in a table title which is also italicized , use standard type for the symbol.
This guidance has been revised and expanded from the 6th edition.
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