Our mission has never been more vital than it is in this moment: to empower through understanding. Financial contributions from our readers are a critical part of supporting our resource-intensive work and help us keep our journalism free for all. Please consider making a contribution to Vox today to help us keep our work free for all.
Cookie banner We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from.
By choosing I Accept , you consent to our use of cookies and other tracking technologies. Reddit Pocket Flipboard Email. A screenshot of the front page of the New York Times on October 29, Faris, Robert M. Delivered Fridays. Thanks for signing up! Check your inbox for a welcome email. Email required. By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Notice and European users agree to the data transfer policy. For more newsletters, check out our newsletters page. The Latest. Shortly before she was sworn in as secretary of state in , Hillary Clinton set up an email server at her home in Chappaqua, New York.
She then relied on this server, home to the email address hdr22 clintonemail. She did not use, or even activate, a state. Mrs Clinton's email system became a national story the first week of March , when the New York Times ran a front-page article on the subject. The article said that the system "may have violated federal requirements" and was "alarming" to current and former government archive officials.
Profile: Hillary Rodham Clinton. According to Mrs Clinton, the primary reason she set up her own email was for "convenience". During a press conference at the UN, she said that she preferred to carry only one smartphone with one email address, rather than have two devices - one for work and one for personal affairs. At the time, according to reports , government-issued Blackberry phones were unable to access multiple email accounts.
Sceptics have countered that the real reason Mrs Clinton established her own email system was because it gave her total control over her correspondence. With her email setup, she became the sole arbiter of what should and shouldn't be provided to the government, made public via freedom of information requests or turned over to interested parties, such as the congressional committee investigating the attack on the US consulate in Benghazi. According to the State Department inspector general report, in Mrs Clinton told her deputy chief of staff that one of her concerns with email is that she did not "want any risk of the personal being accessible".
An FBI investigation found that Mrs Clinton used "numerous personal devices" while in office and relied on several email servers. Clinton staffers told the FBI that they destroyed some of the replaced devices with a hammer while they could not account for others. What's Hillary Clinton's plan? Probably not. Mrs Clinton's email system existed in a grey area of the law - and one that has been changed several times since she left office. When she became secretary of state, the controlling interpretation of the Federal Records Act was that officials using personal email accounts must ensure that official correspondence is turned over to the government.
Ten months after she took office, a new regulation allowed the use of private emails only if federal records were "preserved in the appropriate agency recordkeeping system". Mrs Clinton maintains that this requirement was satisfied because most of her emails from her personal account went to, or were forwarded to, people with government accounts, so they were automatically archived.
Any other emails were turned over to State Department officials when they issued a request to her - and several of her predecessors - in October She said it is the responsibility of the government employee "to determine what's personal and what's work-related" and that she's gone "above and beyond" what she was asked to do. In November President Barack Obama signed the Presidential and Federal Records Act Amendments, which require government officials to forward any official correspondence to the government within 20 days.
Even under this new law, however, the penalties are only administrative, not criminal. The State Department inspector general report, released in May , found that Mrs Clinton's email system violated government policy and that she did not receive permission prior to instituting it - approval that would not have been granted had she asked. Such transgressions, however, do not constitute criminal conduct. FBI director James Comey announced the results of a separate FBI investigation on 5 July and concluded that that while "there is evidence of potential violations" of criminal statues covering the mishandling of classified information, "our judgement is that no reasonable prosecutor would bring such a case".
It referred the matter to the Justice Department, which closed the case against Mrs Clinton and her aides with no charges. The State Department has since resumed its investigation into whether Mrs Clinton or her aides violated government policy in their handling of classified information. If it determines that they did, the punishment could include a formal letter of reprimand or loss of security clearance. A long journey as Secretary of State. According to Mrs Clinton, she sent or received 62, emails during her time as secretary of state.
She, or her lawyers, have determined about half of those - 30,, roughly 55, pages, were official and have been turned over to the State Department. Mrs Clinton said the other emails are private - relating to topics like her daughter's wedding, her mother's funeral and "yoga routines".
At Hillary Clinton's request, the State Department released the first set of emails sent on her private account in May , with many relating to the attack on the US consulate in Benghazi. In a summary of its investigation released on Sept. But only eight of the 13 were used while she was secretary of state, and they were used in succession — not at the same time. One of them contained three draft emails, none of which contained classified information.
The FBI did not recover any emails from the other two iPads. See pages 8- 9. However, as we reported , she used an iPad to at least occasionally send and receive emails, in addition to her Blackberry — a fact confirmed by Clinton and her former deputy chief of staff, Huma Abedin.
When did the public learn that Clinton used a personal email account to conduct government business? However, it was not known that Clinton used her private email account exclusively for government business until the New York Times broke the story on March 2, As we have written , the Washington Post later reported that the House Select Committee on Benghazi had requested documents from the State Department in the summer of , and the department discovered that Clinton did not use a government email account and instead exclusively used her personal email account for government business.
It said at that time that her lawyers went through the emails and identified 30, work-related emails and 31, private emails. In December , about 21 months after she left office, Clinton gave the State Department the 30, work-related emails totaling roughly 55, pages. She indicated that she deleted the others. However, Comey said Clinton had multiple servers during her four years as secretary of state, and not all of her work-related emails were turned over to the State Department.
In all, the FBI recovered about 14, emails that were not part of the 30, work-related emails that Clinton turned over to the State Department in December
0コメント